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The Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board (PLCB) is an independent government agency that manages the beverage alcohol industry in Pennsylvania. It is responsible for licensing the possession, sale, storage, transportation, importation and manufacture of wine, spirits and malt or brewed beverages in the commonwealth, as well as operating a system of liquor distribution (retailing) and providing education about the harmful effects of underage and dangerous drinking.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.lcb.state.pa.us/PLCB/About/index.htm )〕 The PLCB was established in conjunction with the 21st Amendment and the repeal of prohibition. In 1933, just four days before the sale of alcohol became legal in Pennsylvania, the Board was officially organized. Upon its creation, Governor Gifford Pinchot stated that the purpose of the Board was to "discourage the purchase of alcoholic beverages by making it as inconvenient and expensive as possible."〔"Yuengling A History of America's Oldest Brewery by Mark A. Noon, p 131. ISBN 0-7864-1972-5. McFarland & Company, Inc., 2005.〕 The Board is composed of three members who are appointed by the governor and confirmed by a two-thirds vote of the Pennsylvania State Senate. They are appointed to staggered four-year terms ending the third Tuesday in May. It has its headquarters in the Northwest Office Building in Harrisburg.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.lcb.state.pa.us/PLCB/ContactUs/index.htm )〕 On-premises retail licenses and off-premises wholesale licenses are apportioned through a quota system established by the Pennsylvania Liquor Code. Under this structure, the PLCB may grant one retail license for every 3,000 inhabitants of a county and one wholesale license for every 30,000 inhabitants of a county (with a minimum of five wholesale licenses allowed per county). To prevent a municipality from being inundated by liquor licenses, the Pennsylvania Liquor Code also established a population-based municipal quota that limits the number of retail liquor licenses allowed in a municipality; the issuance or transfer of any additional licenses beyond that quota requires prior municipal approval. As of August 2015, there are about 20,000 active liquor licenses in Pennsylvania.〔https://www.lcbapps.lcb.state.pa.us/webapp/PublicLicenseeSearch/LicenseeSearch.aspx〕 Restaurants and food operations that are licensed to serve or sell drinks in Pennsylvania must purchase their liquor from the PLCB, which operates more than 600 Fine Wine & Good Spirits stores (called "PA Wine & Spirits" stores before a rebranding project started in 2010) statewide and an E-commerce site.〔http://www.FineWineAndGoodSpirits.com〕 If a wine or spirit is not on the list of registered brands, then it cannot be bought or sold in Pennsylvania. Taxes and store profits are returned to Pennsylvania’s General Fund.〔http://www.lcb.state.pa.us/cons/groups/externalaffairs/documents/form/002487.pdf〕 Since its inception, the PLCB has contributed nearly $14 billion to the Pennsylvania Treasury. The Board also supervises local option referenda in counties and municipalities that wish to prohibit or permit establishments to sell or serve alcohol. According to Section 472 of the Pennsylvania Liquor Code,〔https://govt.westlaw.com/pac/Document/N9AB6DDA0F83B11E1A7BD881D24C963FA?viewType=FullText&originationContext=documenttoc&transitionType=CategoryPageItem&contextData=(sc.Default)〕 a local option referendum may be voted on during the primary election of an odd-numbered year. The issue may not be voted on more than once in four years. To place a referendum on the ballot requires a petition with a number of signatures equal to at least 25 percent of the highest vote cast for any office in that municipality in the preceding general election. As of August 2015, almost 700 Pennsylvania municipalities (totaling about one-third of the state's land area) are "dry" or "partially dry."〔http://lancasteronline.com/news/local/list-these-pennsylvania-towns-restrict-the-sale-of-booze/article_efe49798-e4ad-11e4-856c-1bf70bea978d.html〕〔http://www.lcb.state.pa.us/cons/groups/externalaffairs/documents/form/003148.pdf〕 Unlike other Pennsylvania administrative agencies, appeals from decisions of the Board are to the local Pennsylvania Court of Common Pleas, rather than directly to the Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania. As a result of Act 14 (enacted June 30, 1987), enforcement of the Pennsylvania Liquor Code was transferred from the PLCB to the Pennsylvania State Police, Bureau of Liquor Control Enforcement (BLCE).〔http://www.psp.pa.gov/LCE/Pages/default.aspx#.VdyvzKPD-Uk〕 This function is fully funded by the PLCB out of operational revenues. ==Board members== * Tim Holden of St. Clair, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania – Chairman :Former Congressman Tim Holden (D) was nominated to the Board by Gov. Tom Corbett, on June 14, 2013. He was unanimously confirmed by the State Senate on Nov. 13, 2013, and sworn in a day later. Holden was named chairman of the PLCB by Gov. Tom Wolf on Feb. 17, 2015. * (Michael Negra ) of Centre Hall, Centre County, Pennsylvania :Michael Negra (R) was nominated to the Board by Gov. Tom Corbett on Sept. 10, 2014, and was unanimously confirmed to a four-year term by the state Senate on Oct. 16, 2014. * The third seat on the Board is vacant as of Friday, Nov. 20, 2015. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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